Aetiological agent is Protozoa: Entamoeba histolytica Epidemiology The organisms are amoeboid, aero-tolerant anaerobe that survives in the environment in an encysted form. Cysts remain viable and infective in faeces for several days, in soil for at least 8 days at 24-34°C. They ...
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Aetiological agent is Helminth, nematode: Ascaris lumbricoiedes. Epidemiology The agent is a large nematode (roundworm) infecting the small intestine. Adult males measure 15-31cm*2-4mm, females 20-40cm*3-6mm. Eggs undergo embryonation in the soil; after 2-3 weeks they become infective and may remain viable for several ...
Aetiology of the disease is a Helminth, trematode (flatworm): Clonorchis sinensis i.e. the Chinese liver fluke. It is a flattened worm, 10-25 mm long, 3-5mm wide, usually spatula-shaped, yellow-brown in colour (owing to bile staining); has an oral and a ventral sucker and ...
The agent is a protozoon; Cryptosporidium parvum The organism has a complex life cycle that can take in a single animal host. It produces oocysts (diameter 4-6 micrometres) which are very resistant to chlorination but killed by conventional cooking procedures. Symptoms The incubation ...
a) Ingredients and agricultural produce Due to their proximity to contaminants such as soil, water and air, agricultural produce can harbour a host of foodborne pathogens. Faecal coliforms form the bulk of these pathogens. The most common strains that are usually associated ...